Kubernetes and Docker Terminologies

Kubernetes Terminology

1. Kubernetes - Open-source system for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications.
2. Cluster - Set of nodes that run containerized applications managed by Kubernetes.
3. Node - A worker machine in Kubernetes, either a VM or physical machine.
4. Pod - The smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes, consisting of one or more containers.
5. Deployment - Controller that provides declarative updates for pods and replica sets.
6. StatefulSet - Controller for managing stateful applications.
7. DaemonSet - Ensures that all or some nodes run a copy of a pod.
8. ReplicaSet - Ensures a specified number of pod replicas are running.
9. ConfigMap - API object used to store non-confidential data in key-value pairs.
10. Secret - API object used to store sensitive information.
11. Service - Abstraction that defines a logical set of pods and a policy for accessing them.
12. Ingress - API object that manages external access to services, typically HTTP.
13. Namespace - Virtual cluster within a Kubernetes cluster to divide resources.
14. Volume - Directory, possibly with data, accessible to the containers in a pod.
15. Persistent Volume (PV) - Storage resource in a cluster.
16. Persistent Volume Claim (PVC) - Request for storage by a user.
17. Kubelet - Agent that runs on each node in the cluster and ensures containers are running in a pod.
18. Kubectl - Command-line tool for interacting with Kubernetes clusters.
19. Helm - Package manager for Kubernetes.
20. Chart - Package of pre-configured Kubernetes resources.
21. Tiller - Server component of Helm (deprecated in Helm 3).
22. Controller - Control loop that watches the state of the cluster.
23. Scheduler - Assigns pods to nodes.
24. Etcd - Distributed key-value store used for Kubernetes configuration data.
25. Kube-proxy - Network proxy that runs on each node in the cluster.
26. CNI (Container Network Interface) - Specification for network plugins.
27. Kubernetes API Server - Component that exposes the Kubernetes API.
28. PodDisruptionBudget (PDB) - Ensures a certain number or percentage of pods remain available during disruptions.
29. ServiceAccount - Identity for processes that run in a pod.
30. ClusterRole - Set of permissions within the cluster.
31. RoleBinding - Grants the permissions defined in a role to a user or set of users.
32. ClusterRoleBinding - Grants the permissions defined in a cluster role to a user or set of users across the cluster.
33. CRD (Custom Resource Definition) - Allows users to create custom resources.
34. Operator - Method of packaging, deploying, and managing a Kubernetes application.
35. Horizontal Pod Autoscaler (HPA) - Automatically scales the number of pods based on observed CPU/memory usage or other metrics.
36. Vertical Pod Autoscaler (VPA) - Automatically adjusts the resource limits and requests for containers.
37. Node Pool - Group of nodes within a Kubernetes cluster that have the same configuration.
38. Affinity - Rules used to influence the scheduler's decisions on pod placement.
39. Taint - Mark on a node that prevents pods from being scheduled unless they tolerate the taint.
40. Toleration - Setting that allows a pod to schedule onto nodes with matching taints.
41. Eviction - Process of terminating one or more pods on a node.
42. Init Container - Container that runs and completes before app containers in a pod start.
43. Job - Controller that creates one or more pods and ensures that a specified number of them successfully terminate.
44. CronJob - Manages time-based jobs, similar to cron jobs in Unix.
45. Service Mesh - Dedicated infrastructure layer for managing service-to-service communication.
46. Istio - Popular service mesh implementation.
47. Linkerd - Lightweight service mesh for Kubernetes.
48. Kiali - Console for Istio service mesh.
49. Prometheus - Open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit.
50. Grafana - Open-source platform for monitoring and observability.
51. Alertmanager - Handles alerts sent by client applications like Prometheus.
52. Fluentd - Open-source data collector for unified logging.
53. Elasticsearch - Distributed search and analytics engine.
54. Kibana - Visualization tool for Elasticsearch.
55. Kustomize - Tool for customizing Kubernetes resource definitions.
56. Kubeadm - Tool for quickly setting up a Kubernetes cluster.
57. Minikube - Tool for running Kubernetes locally.
58. Kind (Kubernetes in Docker) - Tool for running local Kubernetes clusters using Docker container nodes.
59. K3s - Lightweight Kubernetes distribution.
60. Rancher - Kubernetes management platform.
61. OpenShift - Kubernetes platform by Red Hat.
62. Kubeflow - Machine learning toolkit for Kubernetes.
63. Argo - Set of Kubernetes-native tools for running and managing jobs and workflows.
64. Tekton - Kubernetes-native CI/CD framework.
65. Pod Security Policy (PSP) - Controls the security settings applied to pods.
66. ResourceQuota - Limits resource usage per namespace.
67. LimitRange - Sets constraints on the resource requests and limits in a namespace.
68. PodPreset - Injects runtime requirements into a pod at creation.
69. Service Catalog - API that enables applications running in Kubernetes to use external managed software offerings.
70. API Aggregation Layer - Extends the Kubernetes API with additional functionality.
71. Admission Controller - Intercepts requests to the Kubernetes API server prior to persistence.
72. MutatingWebhook - Admission controller that can modify incoming objects.
73. ValidatingWebhook - Admission controller that can validate objects but not modify them.
74. Audit Logs - Logs of all requests to the Kubernetes API server.
75. Flannel - Simple and easy-to-use overlay network for Kubernetes.
76. Calico - Networking and network security solution for containers.
77. Weave - Networking solution for connecting Docker containers.
78. Cilium - API-aware networking and security for containers.
79. Multus - Multi-network plugin for Kubernetes.
80. Knative - Kubernetes-based platform to build, deploy, and manage modern serverless workloads.
81. KEDA (Kubernetes Event-driven Autoscaling) - Autoscaling based on the number of events needing to be processed.
82. Velero - Tool for backing up and restoring Kubernetes cluster resources and persistent volumes.
83. Cluster Autoscaler - Automatically adjusts the size of the Kubernetes cluster.
84. Chaos Monkey - Tool for testing the resilience of cloud infrastructures.
85. Litmus - Framework for practicing chaos engineering in Kubernetes.
86. K9s - Terminal UI to interact with Kubernetes clusters.
87. Octant - Open-source developer-centric web interface for Kubernetes.
88. Skaffold - Command-line tool that facilitates continuous development for Kubernetes applications.
89. Tilt - Tool for local Kubernetes development.
90. Draft - Tool for simplifying Kubernetes application development.
91. Garden - Development tool for Kubernetes and cloud-native applications.
92. KSync - Tool for live-coding on Kubernetes.
93. Port Forwarding - Exposing a service on a Kubernetes cluster to localhost.
94. Kubefwd - Simplifies Kubernetes service port forwarding.
95. Pumba - Chaos testing tool for Docker.
96. Kubebuilder - Framework for building Kubernetes APIs using custom resource definitions.
97. Operator SDK - Toolkit to build Kubernetes operators.
98. Kudo (Kubernetes Universal Declarative Operator) - Framework for building operators.
99. Kubeless - Kubernetes-native serverless framework.
100. Fission - Fast serverless functions for Kubernetes.
101. OpenFaaS - Serverless functions made simple with Kubernetes.
102. Inlets - Cloud-native tunnel to expose your local endpoints.
103. NATS - Connective technology for modern distributed systems.
104. Envoy - Edge and service proxy for cloud-native applications.
105. Contour - Kubernetes ingress controller using Envoy.
106. Traefik - Modern HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer for microservices.
107. MetalLB - Load-balancer implementation for bare-metal Kubernetes clusters.
108. GlusterFS - Scalable network filesystem.
109. Ceph - Distributed storage system that provides file, block, and object storage.
110. Rook - Storage orchestrator for Kubernetes.
111. Longhorn - Distributed block storage system for Kubernetes.
112. OpenEBS - Container-native storage for Kubernetes.
113. CSI (Container Storage Interface) - Standard for exposing storage systems to containerized workloads.
114. Velero - Backup and recovery solution for Kubernetes.
115. Ark - Old name for Velero.
116. Kube-bench - Security benchmark tool for Kubernetes.
117. Kube-hunter - Tool to hunt for security weaknesses in Kubernetes clusters.
118. OPA (Open Policy Agent) - Policy-based control for cloud-native environments.
119. Gatekeeper - Kubernetes admission controller that enforces policies executed by OPA.
120. Falco - Cloud-native runtime security project.
121. Sysdig - Monitoring, visibility, and security for containers and microservices.
122. Sysdig Secure - Runtime security tool for containers.
123. Kata Containers - Lightweight VMs that seamlessly plug into the containers ecosystem.
124. CRI-O - Lightweight container runtime for Kubernetes.
125. Containerd - Industry-standard core container runtime.

Docker

126. Docker - Platform for developing, shipping, and running applications in containers.
127. Dockerfile - Text document that contains all the commands to assemble an image.
128. Docker Compose - Tool for defining and running multi-container Docker applications.
129. Docker Swarm - Native clustering and scheduling tool for Docker containers.
130. Docker Hub - Cloud-based registry service for Docker images.
131. Docker Registry - Storage and distribution system for named Docker images.
132. Docker Volume - Persistent data storage mechanism in Docker.
133. Docker Network - Mechanism for Docker containers to communicate.
134. Docker Service - High-level abstraction for deploying and managing a group of related containers.
135. Docker Secret - Encrypted data that is used only by Swarm services.
136. Docker Stack - Collection of services that make up an application in a Swarm.
137. Docker Image - Lightweight, standalone, executable package that includes everything needed to run a piece of software.
138. Docker Container - Standard unit of software that packages up code and all its dependencies.
139. Docker Daemon - Background service that manages Docker images, containers, networks, and volumes.
140. Docker CLI - Command-line interface for interacting with Docker.
141. Buildkit - Modern build engine for Docker.
142. Multi-Stage Builds - Technique to use multiple FROM statements in a Dockerfile.
143. Image Tag - Identifier for different versions of a Docker image.
144. Registry Mirror - Local cache of Docker Hub for faster image pulls.
145. Container Orchestration - Automated process of managing the lifecycle of containers.
146. Containerization - Process of packaging an application and its dependencies into a container.
147. Microservices - Architectural style that structures an application as a collection of small, autonomous services.
148. Sidecar Pattern - Deployment pattern where a helper container is deployed alongside an application container.
149. Blue/Green Deployment - Strategy for releasing software by maintaining two environments.
150. Canary Deployment - Strategy for releasing software to a small subset of users before a wider release.
151. Rolling Update - Gradual rollout of new software version without downtime.
152. A/B Testing - Comparing two versions of a service to determine which performs better.
153. Immutable Infrastructure - Practice of replacing rather than modifying servers.
154. Container Runtime Interface (CRI) - Plugin interface for container runtimes in Kubernetes.
155. OCI (Open Container Initiative) - Project to design open standards for containers.
156. CRIO (Container Runtime Interface) - Implementation of the Kubernetes Container Runtime Interface.
157. Pod Security Context - Settings that determine the security properties applied to a pod.
158. Container Security Context - Settings that determine the security properties applied to a container.
159. NetworkPolicy - Specification of how groups of pods are allowed to communicate.
160. PodPreset - Mechanism to inject information into pods at creation time.
161. Affinity/Anti-affinity - Rules that influence pod placement.
162. Taints and Tolerations - Mechanism to ensure pods are not scheduled onto inappropriate nodes.
163. Node Affinity - Preference or rule for scheduling pods to specific nodes.
164. Node Selector - Simple way to constrain pods to nodes with specific labels.
165. ServiceAccount - Provides an identity for processes running in a pod.
166. ImagePullSecret - Secret for pulling images from private Docker registries.
167. Container Environment Variables - Variables available to a container.
168. EnvFrom - Populating container environment variables from ConfigMaps or Secrets.
169. Container Lifecycle Hooks - Actions triggered during the lifecycle of a container.
170. Container Liveness Probe - Check to determine if a container is running.
171. Container Readiness Probe - Check to determine if a container is ready to service requests.
172. Container Startup Probe - Check to determine if a container is started successfully.
173. Container Resource Requests - Minimum resources required by a container.
174. Container Resource Limits - Maximum resources a container can use.
175. Downward API - Mechanism for exposing information about the pod to containers.
176. PersistentVolumeReclaimPolicy - Policy for reclaiming resources.
177. StorageClass - Defines the different storage types available in a cluster.
178. Volume Mounts - Mounting volumes into a container.
179. EmptyDir - Temporary storage that is created when a pod is assigned to a node.
180. HostPath - Mounting files or directories from the host node into a pod.
181. PVC Binding - Associating a persistent volume claim with a persistent volume.
182. Volume Snapshot - Creating a snapshot of a persistent volume.
183. Volume Provisioning - Automatically creating storage volumes.
184. CSI Driver - Implementations of the Container Storage Interface.
185. Secret Management - Storing and managing sensitive information.
186. Secret Encryption - Encrypting secret data at rest.
187. RBAC (Role-Based Access Control) - Managing authorization in Kubernetes.
188. Resource Quota - Limiting resource usage per namespace.
189. Limit Range - Setting constraints on resource requests and limits.
190. ClusterRole - Set of permissions within the cluster.
191. RoleBinding - Grants permissions defined in a role to a user.
192. ClusterRoleBinding - Grants permissions defined in a cluster role to a user across the cluster.
193. Pod Priority - Assigning priority to pods to influence scheduling.
194. PriorityClass - Defines the mapping between pod priorities and priority values.
195. Eviction Policy - Policy for terminating pods under resource pressure.
196. Preemption - Terminating lower priority pods to make room for higher priority pods.
197. Resource Requests - Minimum resources required by a container.
198. Resource Limits - Maximum resources a container can use.
199. Job - Controller for creating pods to run a specified number of times.
200. CronJob - Schedule-based job controller.