Application Performance Management Terminologies

APM (Application Performance Monitoring) - Tools and processes for tracking the performance of software applications.
P95 (95th Percentile) - Value below which 95% of the observations fall.
P99 (99th Percentile) - Value below which 99% of the observations fall.
Flamegraph - Visual representation of hierarchical data, typically used to visualize stack traces.
Gantt Charts - Bar chart that represents a project schedule, showing the start and finish dates of elements.
Throughput - Measure of how many units of information a system can process in a given amount of time.
Latency - Time delay between the cause and the effect of some physical change in the system being observed.
Response Time - Time taken for a system to respond to a request.
Service Level Agreement (SLA) - Commitment between a service provider and a client.
Service Level Objective (SLO) - Specific measurable characteristics of the SLA such as availability, throughput, frequency, response time, or quality.
Service Level Indicator (SLI) - Metric used to measure the SLO.
Error Rate - Percentage of all requests that result in an error.
Availability - Proportion of time a system is in a functioning condition.
Uptime - Amount of time a system is operational.
Downtime - Amount of time a system is non-operational.
Mean Time Between Failures (MTBF) - Average time between system failures.
Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) - Average time required to repair a system.
Root Cause Analysis (RCA) - Method of problem solving to identify the root causes of faults or problems.
Transaction Tracing - Process of tracking the path of a single transaction through a system.
Distributed Tracing - Method to track requests as they propagate through distributed systems.
Heatmap - Data visualization technique that shows the magnitude of a phenomenon as color in two dimensions.
Histogram - Graphical representation showing the frequency distribution of data points.
Alerting - Notifying operators when a metric exceeds a predefined threshold.
Anomaly Detection - Identifying data points that deviate significantly from the majority of the data.
Baseline - Reference point used for comparison.
Synthetic Monitoring - Using scripted transactions to simulate user interactions with a service.
Real User Monitoring (RUM) - Passive monitoring that records all user interaction with a website or application.
Log Aggregation - Collecting and storing log data from multiple sources in one place.
Log Parsing - Extracting meaningful information from log files.
Log Rotation - Renaming and compressing log files and creating new ones.
Metrics - Quantitative measurements used to assess the performance and health of a system.
Dashboards - Visual displays of key performance indicators and other metrics.
Key Performance Indicator (KPI) - A measurable value that demonstrates how effectively a company is achieving key business objectives.
Instrumentation - Adding code to an application to collect data about its behavior.
Sampling - Technique of measuring a portion of events to infer the behavior of the entire system.
Span - Unit of work in a trace, representing a single operation.
Trace - Representation of a series of operations.
Metrics Store - Database or other storage system for metrics data.
Time Series Database - Database optimized for time-stamped or time series data.
Alert Thresholds - Predefined limits which, when exceeded, trigger an alert.
Event Correlation - Identifying and linking related events to determine the underlying issue.
Telemetry - Automated communications process by which measurements are collected.
Health Check - Process to determine the status of a system.
Capacity Planning - Process of determining the necessary resources to meet future demands.
Load Testing - Testing to determine how a system behaves under a specific load.
Stress Testing - Testing to determine the limits of a system under extreme conditions.
End-to-End Monitoring - Comprehensive monitoring of the entire system or process.
Service Map - Visual representation of how services interact within a system.
Dependency Mapping - Identifying and documenting the dependencies between various components of a system.
Throttling - Controlling the amount of resources used by an application or service.
Rate Limiting - Restricting the number of requests a user can make to a service within a specified time period.
Circuit Breaker - Pattern to detect failures and sum up the logic of preventing a failure from constantly recurring.
Retry Logic - Mechanism to handle transient errors by retrying the failed operation.
Backoff Strategy - Gradually increasing the wait time between retries to prevent overwhelming a service.
Chaos Engineering - Practice of experimenting on a system to build confidence in its ability to withstand turbulent conditions.
Observability - Measure of how well you can understand a system's internal states from its external outputs.
Span Context - Metadata that helps to link spans together in a trace.
Sampling Rate - Frequency at which samples are collected.
Event Logging - Recording events that occur in a system.
Tagging - Adding metadata to metrics, logs, or traces for easier identification and filtering.
Service Discovery - Automatically detecting services in a network.
Health Endpoint - Specific URL that returns the health status of an application.
Red/Black Deployment - Deployment strategy similar to blue/green where the new version runs alongside the old.
Instrumentation Library - Collection of tools for adding instrumentation to an application.
Dependency Injection - Technique for achieving Inversion of Control (IoC) between classes and their dependencies.
Rolling Deployment - Gradual release of a new version of software.
Shadow Testing - Running a new version alongside the old version to compare performance.
Error Budget - Acceptable amount of downtime or errors allowed over a period.
Service Topology - Diagram showing the relationships between services.
User Journey - Path taken by a user through an application.
Telemetry Pipeline - Sequence of processes for collecting, transmitting, and analyzing telemetry data.
Monitoring Agent - Software that collects monitoring data.
Resource Utilization - Measurement of how efficiently system resources are being used.
Data Retention - Duration for which monitoring data is kept.
Granularity - Level of detail in collected data.
Workload - Amount of work that a system is performing.
Benchmarking - Comparing system performance against a standard.
Health Metrics - Metrics that indicate the health of a system.
Transaction Time - Time taken to complete a transaction.
Service Latency - Time taken for a service to respond.
Error Code - Code that indicates the type of error encountered.
Payload Size - Size of data sent in a request or response.
Concurrent Users - Number of users simultaneously accessing a system.
Data Sampling - Process of selecting a subset of data for analysis.
Heap Dump - Snapshot of the memory of a process.
Thread Dump - Snapshot of the active threads of a process.
CPU Profiling - Analyzing the CPU usage of a process.
Memory Profiling - Analyzing the memory usage of a process.
Garbage Collection - Process of reclaiming unused memory.
Leak Detection - Identifying memory leaks.
Instrumentation API - Interface for adding instrumentation to an application.
Service Mesh - Dedicated infrastructure layer for managing service-to-service communication.
Circuit Breaker Pattern - Pattern to detect failures and sum up logic to prevent cascading failures.
Rate Limiting - Controlling the rate of requests sent to or from a service.
Fault Injection - Introducing errors into a system to test its robustness.
Synthetic User - Simulated user interactions used for testing.
Transaction Volume - Amount of transactions processed.
Application Log - Log generated by an application.
System Log - Log generated by the operating system.
Request Trace - Detailed tracking of a request's journey through a system.
Span ID - Unique identifier for a span in a trace.
Parent Span ID - Identifier linking a span to its parent span.
Log Level - Severity of a log message (e.g., DEBUG, INFO, WARN, ERROR).
Throttling Policy - Rules for controlling the rate of requests.
Jitter - Variation in latency.
Heartbeat - Regular signal to indicate that a system is running.
Event Stream - Continuous flow of events.
Buffering - Temporarily storing data in memory while it's being transferred.
Data Sharding - Partitioning data across multiple servers.
Data Replication - Copying data to ensure consistency and reliability.
APDEX (Application Performance Index) - Standardized measure of user satisfaction with application performance.
Synthetic Transaction - Predefined, automated interactions with an application to test its performance.
Telemetry Data - Data collected for monitoring and analysis.
Service Dependency - Relationship between services where one service relies on another.
Error Budget Policy - Rules for managing error budgets.
Usage Analytics - Analyzing how users interact with an application.
Heat Map - Visual representation of data where values are depicted by color.
Telemetry Client - Component that collects telemetry data.
Trace Context - Information that allows linking spans across services.
Performance Tuning - Adjusting a system to improve its performance.

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